| Year |
Historical Event |
| 1575 |
Five Nations Iroquois League founded by Mohawk leader Hiawatha |
| 1599 |
Don Juan Onate destroys the Acoma pueblo killing 800 |
| 1658 |
French traders Chouart and Radisson encounter northern Plains tribes near Lake Superior |
| 1680 |
Pope’ leads Pueblo Revolt |
| 1721 |
First treaty with whites (South Carolina) |
| 1773 |
First cession of Cherokee land in Georgia |
| 1735 |
Handsome/Ganiodaio, Seneca sachem born 1735, died 1815 |
| 1738 |
French fur traders encounter the Mandans in the area of present North Dakota |
| 1738 |
Smallpox eradicates 25% of the Cherokee Nation. |
| 1738 |
Birth: Nancy Ward (wife of Cherokee leader Kingfisher) |
| 1751 |
Little Turtle (Miami chief), born 1751, died 1812 |
| 1753 |
Smallpox epidemic in Cherokee Nation |
| 1755 |
French and Indian War begins |
| 1755 |
Cherokee leader Kingfisher is killed in Battle of Taliwa |
| 1755 |
Battle of Taliwa – Cherokee Chief Kingfisher is killed and his teenage wife Nancy Ward leads Cherokees to victory over Creeks |
| 1760-62 |
Cherokee War (SC) |
| 1762 |
Delaware Prophet begins preaching his vision of a new way of life |
| 1763 |
French and Indian War ends with the Treaty of Paris |
| 1763 |
King George III reserves lands for Indians |
| 1766 |
Pontiac’s Rebellion |
| 1768 |
Shawnee Prophet (Teneskwatawa) born |
| 1771 |
Birth of Sequoyah |
| 1771 |
Birth of Ridge |
| 1775 |
The Continental Congress establishes a Committee on Indian Affairs, appointing commissioners to create peace treaties with the Indians. |
| 1776 |
Beginning of American Revolutionary War/Declaration of Independence |
| 1776-83 |
Cherokees support British in Revolutionary War |
| 1778 |
Delaware sign first United States Indian treaty |
| 1780 |
Atsina divided into northern and southern groups |
| 1781 |
Yuma attack settlers on the Overland route to California resulting in the abandonment of the route |
| 1781 |
End of the American Revolutionary War |
| 1782 |
Colonel Pickens attacks Long Swamp village |
| 1782 |
Cherokees are forced to cede land to Settlers |
| 1784 |
The Northwest Ordinance opens the American frontier to white settlement |
| 1786 |
Treaty of Hopewell – South Carolina |
| 1790 |
Birth of John Ross |
| 1791 |
Treaty of Holston forces cession of Cherokee land in eastern Tennessee |
| 1792 |
Tennessee Governor John Sevier attacks the town of Hightower near Rome, Georgia forcing Cherokees to relocate near Cartersville |
| 1794 |
Chickamauga Cherokee begin moving west |
| 1794 |
Battle of Fallen Timbers |
| 1795 |
Treaty of Greenville |
| 1795 |
Border between United States and Spanish territory established by Treaty of San Lorenzo |
| 1799 |
Ridge and Vann form the first Cherokee police force “Lighthorse” |
| 1800 |
Treaty of San Ildefonso returns Louisiana Territory to France |
| 1802 |
Agreement between U.S. and state of Georgia provides for removal of all Indians |
| 1803 |
Congress approves purchase of Louisiana Territory for $15 million. |
| 1803 |
Louis and Clark receive financing and begin their expedition |
| 1803 |
The Sioux and other tribes encounter the Lewis and Clark expedition. |
| 1804 |
Cherokee cession of Wafford’s Tract |
| 1805 |
Sacagawea helps Lewis and Clark purchase horses from the Shoshone |
| 1806 |
“Revolt of the Young Chiefs” begins |
| 1806 |
Zebulon Pike begins a peace-making expedition with the Pawnee in Nebraska |
| 1807 |
Pike publishes findings of his expedition |
| 1807 |
Manuel Lisa establishes first trading post in Montana (Fort Raymond) |
| 1808 |
U.S. government removes a group of Cherokee Indians to Arkansas |
| 1808 |
American Fur Company is founded by John Jacob Astor |
| 1809 |
Ridge, Vann and Alexander Saunders kill Doublehead |
| 1810 |
Death of James Vann |
| 1811 |
Battle of Tippecanoe |
| 1812 |
Red Sticks (Creek Indians) attack Fort Mims, Alabama |
| 1812 |
United States and Great Britain engage in War of 1812 |
| 1813 |
Cherokees join Andrew Jackson in fighting against Red Sticks (Creek) |
| 1814 |
Creeks are forced to cede 22 million acres of land in Seorgia and Alabama |
| 1814 |
War of 1812 ends |
| 1817 |
Treaty of Turkey Town forced by Jackson provides for Cherokee cession of land east of Unicoi Turnpike |
| 1817 |
American traders began to compete with Native American tribes for the buffalo fur business. |
| 1817-18 |
First Seminole War |
| 1818 |
Border established (49th parallel) between United States and Canada |
| 1818 |
Creeks cede additional land in Georgia |
| 1819 |
Treaty with Spain gives control of Florida to the United States |
| 1819 |
Cherokees relinquish claim to all land east of Chattahoochee River |
| 1821 |
Sequoyah completes Cherokee written language |
| 1821 |
Mexico wins Independence |
| 1822 |
Fort Henry (Fort Union) established |
| 1824 |
Bureau of Indian Affairs established as part of War Department which does not receive congressional authorization until 1934. |
| 1824 |
Fort Gibson and Fort Towson established in Indian Territory |
| 1825 |
Apsaalooke (Crow) leader Long Hair sigh first treaty. Sore Belly refuses to sign. |
| 1827 |
Two thirds of the Atsina tribe relocated to the Yellowstone River |
| 1827 |
Cherokee adopt a written constitution |
| 1828 |
Sabine River becomes border between Mexico and United States |
| 1828 |
Cherokees in Arkansas agree to removal to Indian Territory |
| 1828 |
Gold discovered on former Cherokee land at Duke’s Creek, Georgia |
| 1830 |
Indian Removal Act is passed. |
| 1830 |
Choctaws sign removal treaty in September |
| 1830 |
Elias Boudinot publishes first Cherokee newspaper “Cherokee Phoenix” |
| 1830 |
Pre-emption Act passed opening public land to settlers for $1.25 per acre |
| 1830 |
First wagon train to Pacific coast crosses Rocky Mountains |
| 1831 |
Supreme Court rules that the Cherokee have no standing to sue U.S. |
| 1832 |
Chickasaws agree to removal treaty |
| 1832 |
Creeks sign treaty but refuse to emigrate. |
| 1833 |
Seminoles sign removal treaty |
| 1833 |
Choctaw become first tribe to be forcefully removed to Indian Territory |
| 1833 |
Cherokee sign Treaty of New Echota which was protested by Chief John Ross |
| 1834 |
Fort Laramie established in Wyoming |
| 1834 |
Office of The Cherokee Phoenix destroyed by Stand Waite and Georgia Guard |
| 1835 |
John Ross is illegally arrested in Tennessee by the Georgia Guard |
| 1835-42 |
Second Seminole War |
| 1835 |
Under Chief Osceola the Florida Seminoles begin a seven year war against forced removal |
| 1835 |
Cherokee sign removal treaty exchanging their land in Georgia for land in Indian Territory |
| 1836 |
Treaty of New Echota is ratified |
| 1836 |
Secretary of War orders military to forcibly remove Creeks |
| 1837 |
Shawnee Prophet (Tesenkwatawa) died |
| 1838 |
Beginning of Trail of Tears by 1837 46,000 Native Americans had been removed and 25 million acres of Indian land had been ceded. |
| 1838 |
General Winfield Scott begins forced removal of Cherokees (The Trail of Tears) from Georgia to Indian Territory |
| 1840 |
Birth of Nez Perce Chief Joseph |
| 1840 |
Cayuse warriors kill missioners near Columbia River |
| 1840 |
First Crow smallpox epidemic. |
| 1842 |
Francisco Lopez discovers gold dust near Los Angeles |
| 1843 |
Government distributes smallpox-infected blankets to Crow. (According to who? Val -this is a disputed claim.) |
| 1844 |
Sarah Hopkins/Shell Flower, daughter and grand-daughter of Northern Paiute chiefs born 1844, died 1891 |
| 1846 |
United States claims California |
| 1848 |
James Marshall discovers gold near the American River in California1866 Fort Hall was established for the Bannock and Shoshoni. |
| 1848 |
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hildago ends Mexican War |
| 1849 |
By the end of the year more than 80,000 gold seekers arrive in California |
| 1850 |
Cayuse Chief Tiloukaikt and four tribesmen are hanged for the murders of Whitman missionaries |
| 1850 |
California becomes a state |
| 1851 |
First Fort Laramie Treaty signed – 33 million acres of Crow tribal land is taken in Montana and Wyoming. |
| 1854 |
Lakota Chief Conquering Bear is killed by troops from Fort Laramie |
| 1857 |
Mountain Meadows Massacre |
| 1855-58 |
Third Seminole War |
| 1862 |
Homestead Act authorizes sale of Indian lands to homesteaders |
| 1864 |
Sand Creek Massacre, |
| 1866 |
Fetterman Massacre |
| 1867 |
Medicine Lodge Treaty signed between the U.S. and the Cheyenne and Arapaho forces the two tribes to move to a reservation in Indian Territory, on land that was ceded by Indian tribes to the U.S. after the end of the Civil War. |
| 1868 |
Cheyenne Chief Black Kettle and 100 Cheyennes are killed in Oklahoma when Colonel Custer attacks their village |
| 1870-78 |
Great Basin Indians adopt Ghost Dance ritual |
| 1871 |
Apache Chief Cochise surrenders |
| 1871 |
Indian Appropriations Act approved ending tribal sovereignty |
| 1871 |
More than 100 Apaches – mostly women and childen are murdered outside Camp Grant Arizona. |
| 1874 |
Gold discovered in Black Hills |
| 1874 |
William Jackson discovered Anasazi pictographs a Mesa Verde, Colorado |
| 1875 |
Chief Red Cloud refuses to alter 1868 Ft. Laramie Treaty |
| 1875 |
The Lakota War |
| 1876 |
Custer’s Last Stand. |
| 1877 |
August 29 Nez Perce Chief Joseph surrenders to General Oliver Howard. |
| 1877 |
Crazy Horse surrenders to General Crook at Fort Robinson, Nebraska, where he was killed by a soldier.
|
| 1877 |
Congress repeals the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty and takes back the Black Hills and additional land in the Black Hills |
| 1877 |
Congress passed “Desert Land Act” |
| 1878 |
Buffalo Horn led uprising known as the Bannock War |
| 1881 |
Sitting Bull surrenders in North Dakota. |
| 1882 |
Indian Rights Association formed |
| 1886 |
Geronimo surrenders to General Nelson Miles |
| 1887 |
Congress passed the Dawes Severalty Act which resulted in reduction of Indian Lands in Oklahoma |
| 1887 |
Crow War Chief Wraps His Tail was killed during battle with calvary |
| 1887-95 |
Ghost Dance ritual adopted among Plains Indians |
| 1890 |
Battle at Wounded Knee – Lakota Chief Big Foot and 350 followers are killed |
| 1890 |
Sitting Bull is murdered at Standing Rock Reservation |
| 1892 |
Under Dawes Act 2 million acres of Crow land is opened to white homesteaders |
| 1893 |
Six million acres of Cherokee land is claimed by white settlers in Oklahoma’s Cherokee Outlet |
| 1906 |
White settlers claim 700,000 acres of tribal land in Washington, Idaho and Montana |
| 1918 |
Peyote was incorporated as a sacrament into the Native American Church |
| 1918 |
Native American Church is incorporated in Oklahoma |
| 1924 |
Congress passes the Indian Citizenship Act, granting U.S. citizenship to Native Americans.
|
| 1934 |
The Indian Reorganization Act puts an end to the allotment policies of the 1887 Dawes Act. |
| |
|
As far as we know, Valorie Millican is the only person on earth who is doing the tedious work of indexing these records which are lost in oceans of microfilm in locations all over the United States. She does not get paid for this work other than from the sales of these books to libraries and individuals. They know about her books only after recieving a flyer from her via snail mail, or finding her at a geneology seminar. She prints and binds the books herself; and except for her husband, who helps proof read them, she is a one-woman writer, researcher and publisher. She has currently indexed 18 tribes; which you may purchase from this site or by snail mail using the order form provided. All of her books are copyright protected and represent an enormous amount of tedious work. They will save the genealogist a huge amount of time and money on research in locating information about their native American ancestors. 